First Amendment Freedoms

Bills of attainder        Prohibits a person being found guilty of a crime w/o a trial   “The Court changed its “bill of attainder test” in 1946. In United States v. Lovett, 328 U.S. 303 (1946), the Court confronted a federal law which named three people as subversive and excluded them from federal employment. Previously, the Court had held that lack of judicial trial and the narrow way in which the law rationally achieved its goals were the only tests. But the Lovett Court said that a bill of attainder 1) specifically identified the people to be punished; 2) imposed punishment; and 3) Did so without benefit of judicial trial. All three new prongs of the bill of attainder test were met in Lovett, and the court held that a congressional statute which bars particular individuals from government employment qualifies as punishment prohibited by the bill of attainder clause.”

 

Ex post facto laws     Laws applied to acts committed before passage of the laws are unconstitutional     A women is driving 50 mph. She is pulled over and she is going the speed limit. Congresses passes a law and the new speed limit is 40mph. She is pulled over and she was going 40mph. But the officer remembers that yesterday she was going 50 mph so he tries to give her a ticket for that.

Libel   False written statements         “New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964). The U.S. Supreme Court overruled a State court in Alabama that had found The New York Times guilty of libel for printing an advertisement that criticized Alabama officials for mistreating student civil rights activists. Even though some of what The Times printed was false, the Court ruled in its favor, saying that libel of a public official requires proof of Actual Malice, which was defined as a “knowing or reckless disregard for the truth”.”

Obscenity       Any statement or act which strongly offends the prevalent morality of the time

Preferred position doctrine  States that freedom of the press, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion, should be given more importance in the event that they clash with other fundamental rights.

Prior restraint            Censorship of information before it is published or broadcast (unconstitutional in most cases)

Due Process   Guarantees individuals a variety of rights ranging from economic liberty to criminal procedural rights to protection from arbitrary gov’t action

Establishment Clause -This  affects and prevents schools from having prayer in the morning and having personal classroom discussions about religion in hopes to minimize all offensive behavior

Writ of Haneas Corpus when a judicial mandate is given to a prison official ordering an inmate can be brought to court to see if they were wrongfully convicted

Selective Incorperation while states would have their own laws protecting free speech, for example, you couldn’t sue the state for suppressing speech under the 1st Amendment of the Federal Constitution, you’d have to sue under the state constitution. The federal Constitution and Bill of Rights only prevented the federal government from acting in certain ways.

Free exercise clause

 

voucher

civil disobedience 

fighting words an example of this is when one mad threatens to shoot, stab or punch another.

commercial speech- a good example of this the ford commercial that states all of the facts about the ford focus, they are strictly to tell facts about the car to entice the consumer. they are prevented from false advertisement, so they stick to the actual statistics

sedition a classic example of this is the America revolution. America built a militia to fight the armies of Great Britain and took the country by force

Non-protected Speech- these are exceptions to the rights of some people so that the constitution is not manipulated. an advertisement company can not use what the constitution says to make money wrongfully

bad tendency test  

clear and present danger test . In 1917, Congress passed the Federal Espionage Act. This law prohibited all false statements intending to interfere with the military forces of the country or to promote the success of its enemies. In addition, penalties of up to $10,000 and/or 20 years in prison were established for anyone attempting to obstruct the recruitment of men into the military.

poetry conection #4

Sound and Severance

—“mu” fifty-ninth part—

Suddenly two, they sat side by

side. He and he looked out the

nod house door… They wanted

to go back, wanted not to

                know

what they knew, looked out at

the receding world, eyes whiting

• over, in dreams repeatedly bid

goodbye… Choric escort…

                Chronic

dispatch… Wondered what but

andoumboulouousness awaited

them. They were waiting to be

born it seemed… It wasn’t one

                was

it, one wasn’t enough, he nor he

the I and I’s he and he of it,

he nor he the he and he’s I and

                I…

Gnostic imposter each according

to the other. Falsetto. Birdbone flute.

About to be born or about to be

bodiless, flew, soon to find out

                which…

Featherless wren said to be what

soul was, wren if not robin, picked

• on, plucked, he number one’s endangerment,

risk he number two

now took… Saw one’s other self it

                seemed

• or at least one said so, he number one

he number two no end… A hole at

whose edge one stood, looking in,

unspun incumbency’s engine, the moment,

what there was of it, all there

                was…

But if both neither he the he of it. “Time’s

tongue,” he said, meaning to say, “Time

tough.” Bad leg pulsing with pain at

the hip, he and he the quintessential he…

                Time’s

tongue was a scroll he unrolled and wrote

• on. Beaked we’d be we read and

were, book blown open by wind, he

wrote, winged we’d be, bereft… He

                and

he read out loud in unison, a net of X’s

                each

annulling the next… Looked out the nod

house, looked into each face. We’d see

what face was only front for, he wrote…

                Saw

from before, early in life, an earlier life,

eyes looking to see beyond sight…

What lay beyond, intimated by look,

what lay behind, look’s far side soon

come… We’d be beside ourselves, he

                wrote,

a succession of X’s. Rapt ecstatics, we’d

see ourselves outside… Faces wherever

he and he looked, each an invitation, soul

a certain bareness he and he thought… He

who wrote was less a he than a committee,

                he and

he’s X’s’ I and I. Time’s tongue a rough rug,

part brush, part papyrus…Water crept under

the door… He and he sat side by side

braving the nod house. What was to come

all but already there… Quizzical hedge if

                not

would-be trump if not nothing… Nothing.

                 None-

theless                

near  

by: Nathaniel Mackey

• This poem describes a moment of regret of knowledge. This is what Amir constantly struggled with in The Kite Runner. Throughout the book, he knew that what he was doing was wrong, therefore he must face the consequences. This poem is full of suspense and doors to be revealed. The reader never knows what will happen next, just as in the Novel.
• This poem is in the form of a ballad. It is lyrical, and rhythmic as it symbolically describes a situation in the writer’s life.
• The title can be perceived in different ways, but the main theme that stands out is suspense. Sound and severity deal with suspense. There is a sense of urgency throughout the poem. The speaker is a man who wants to express himself through symbolism. The intended audience is people who need a different perspective on life. The message behind this poem is use your knowledge, don’t be afraid of it
• There is strong auditory imagery in this poem. This is predetermined in the title “sound and Severance” Bad leg pulsing with pain at the hip, he and he the quintessential he    Time’s” he uses  the sense of  sound to convey his morals. “Featherless wren said to be what soul was, wren if not robin, picked on, plucked, he number one’s endangerment” this symbolism represents the stripping of something from the writer.
• When reading this poem. There is a jazzy tone to engage the reader and put them in his mindset.
• The emotion in this poem is worry. The suspense is fills the readers head until the end when the moral is revealed. “would-be trump if not nothing… Not theless  near” the poem tells the reader that it is better to take a chance. this line evokes painful emotion, because it is not easy to take that chance

poetry connection #3

Homecoming

What was is … since 1930;

the boys in my old gang

are senior partners. They start up

bald like baby birds

to embrace retirement.

 

At the altar of surrender,

I met you

in the hour of credulity.

How your misfortune came out clearly

to us at twenty.

 

At the gingerbread casino,

how innocent the nights we made it

• on our Vesuvio martinis

with no vermouth but vodka

to sweeten the dry gin–

 

the lash across my face

that night we adored . . .

soon every night and all,

when your sweet, amorous

repetition changed.

By: Robert Lowell

• This poem relates to the way  The Kite Runner shows the reader how time catches up with everyone. The writer conveys how the people that he grew up with have changed and that misfortunes in life are evident. In the Kite Runner, Amir is faced with several people from his past who have grown and arte not doing well for themselves health wise
• This poem is a sonnet. It uses traditional meter and rhyme to fit the time period.
• The title of this poem means exactly what it says. It is his homecoming, and he is looking to see what has changed in people’s lives, just as Amir did when he returned to Afghanistan. The speaker is a successful person who wants to know how the ones surrounding him made out. The intended audience is a group of people who want to return to their home town. The message behind it is things will not be the same
•  “They start up bald like baby birds” the simile used here represents how life started for him and his friends. They were all the same, but when they left and he returned, things were different. This helps create the image of him returning to the nest.
• There is a sad emotion received from this poem. It expresses how no one was successful, and basically ready to speed up their lives to their retirement “to embrace retirement.” As a reader I feel inspired to make more of my life than the average person. I feel happy because of the negative tone. It gives me potential to do better “How your misfortune came out clearly” this line makes me want to better myself, and make my own fortune

poetry conection #2

Advice to a Son

Never trust a white man,

Never kill a Jew,

Never sign a contract,

Never rent a pew.

Don’t enlist in armies;

Nor marry many wives;

Never write for magazines;

Never scratch your hives.

Always put paper on the seat,

Don’t believe in wars,

Keep yourself both clean and neat,

Never marry whores.

Never pay a blackmailer,

Never go to law,

Never trust a publisher,

Or you’ll sleep on straw.

All your friends will leave you

All your friends will die

So lead a clean and wholesome life

And join them in the sky.

By: Ernest Hemingway

• This poem relates to my novel because of the title and the moral behind it, not because of the content. Amir and Baba have a weird relationship in which they lack Fatherly advice. Amir is not able to seek advice from his father until he is 18 years old. But once he is of age, his father teaches him the ways of life just as Hemingway does in this poem.
• This is a fusion sonnet, but it does not seem to be traditional with the rhyme scheme
• The title of this poem represents a father preparing his son for the world.th speaker is a man’s man who wants his so to grow and be strong and wise as he is. The intended audience is men in search of ways to teach their sons the ways of life. The message that the writer sends is do not get caught up in life’s temptations
• The writer uses symbolism “never scratch your hives” he uses this symbolism to tell his son not to make his problems worse. The writer also uses repetition to stress what not to do. “never marry whores, never pay a blackmailer, never trust a publisher
• This poem presets a content emotion. The writer is sure that he has given his son good advice, and is comfortable with his life decisions. “so lead a clean Wholesome life” this line supports my argument. The father wishes nothing but the best for him. I am confused when I read this poem because I have never received such advice. The words whore, die and blackmailer evokes sad emotions because of the world’s corruption

poetry conection #1

A Burnt Ship

Out of a fired ship, which by no way

But drowning could be rescued from the flame,

Some men leap’d forth, and ever as they came

Near the foes’ ships, did by their shot decay;

So all were lost, which in the ship were found,

They in the sea being burnt, they in the burnt ship drown’d.

By: John Donne

• This poem related to The Kite Runner because there is no way to win. Any direction the writer takes will have consequences. There is nothing that he can do to avoid the inevitable. In The Kite Runner Amir is faced between a rock and a hard place several times, and that is what this poem describes
• This is a sestet couplet poem. With the structure presented, it is a traditional sestet poem that uses a,b,b,a,c,c, rhyme scheme.
• The title for this poem means no way out. A burnt ship is a tragic situation. The speaker is Jon Donne. The intended audience is  people afraid to take risks. The theme to the audience is that sometimes people are faced with two tough decisions in life, and neither both will be hard to make.
• There is strong imagery in this poem with the way that he describes the fire and drowning. This imagery is tactile imagery. The writer uses paradox here to.  “they in the sea being burnt, they in the burnt ship drown’d”
• Emotions of frustration and panic are expressed in this poem. “Some men leap’d forth, and ever as they came” I feel panic as I read this poem because there is a life and death situation. The word flame makes me think of fire and burning. The thought of getting burned makes me panic.

#10 personal response

This section was an emotional roller coaster. This was the closest we have ever come to losing Sorhab. It would have been truly devastating for him to die. If he did, it would be a tragic book, and there would be no positive message in the end. I was extremely happy that Sorhab was able to adapt in the end. He learns to accept the loves of the ones surrounding him. This novel presents several morals, but the one that I see the most, especially toward the end is never give up.

#10 theme: the inevitable will occur

Since this is the last section of the novel it is necessary to sum up the whole book with this theme. Everything that has happened in this book was meant to be. This connects to the way Sorhab eventually adjusts to his new living situation and accepts his new life. Amir feared that this would not happen. this section conveys how if something is meant to happen, it will. Sorhab was meant to survive and come to America

#10 imagery

“He unsnaps his mask and I am glad I don’t have to look at sorhab’s blood anymore. His skin is dark like the imported swiss chocolate Hassan and I used to buy from bazaar in Shar-e-Nau; he has thinning hair and hazel eyes topped with curved eyelashes.” (Khaled Hossei, The kite runner, pg,348) the imagery of this doctor strikes me because this is the first face he sees that can give him information that he needs to keep his sanity. This imagery adds relief to the text because the doctor describes is a soothing person. This adds comfort to the text. This imagery symbolizes a safe haven. Because the doctor ensures him that everything will be alright.

 

#10 style and rhetorical devices.

“Rrrrip.” This onomatopoeia enhances the meaning because it conveys the dread of this sound to Amir. He remembers is clearly and the fear associated with the sound. The author placed this device here to stand out to the reader. Hosseini wanted to reader to somewhat experience what Amir did. Without this device, this section of the text would be bland     

There is a climax in this section when Amir walks into the bathroom to find Sorhab dying in the bathtub. The author placed this climax here to add a sense of tragedy. Without this device, the process would be to smooth, and there would be no conflict.

There is irony in the text when Amir is getting word that Sorhab will be able to return to America with him, but little does he know, Sorhab has tried to kill himself. This irony adds suspense and excitement. He is completely unaware that the boy he has dedicated the rest of his life to is close to death while he thinks that he just saved his life. Without this device, his suicide attempt would not be as significant.

“screaming until I thought my throat would rip and my head explode” (khaled Hosseini, The kite runner, pg. 343) this hyperbole vividly expresses how Amir is feeling in this moment. He is extremely startled and upset. He is astonished to see someone like a son to him bleeding uncontrollably. The author placed this device here to convey the seriousness of the situation. Without it, the reader would not panic like Amir does.

“I had played a cruel game with Hassan that day, toyed with him, asked him to eat dirt to prove his loyalty to me” ” (khaled Hosseini, The kite runner, pg.355) this flashback enhances the meaning by showing the reader how Sorhab being around makes Amir think of Hassan. This is why he feels as if he owes him. The author placed this device here to add guilt. Without this flashback, the reader would think that Amir is completely past the way he t

section 10 quotes

“ I want father and mother jan”( The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini, pg 354). This is the first time that Sorhab admits to missing his parents. It leaves him vulnerable and he fears that it makes him weak. This quote adds sympathy to the text from the reader. It stood out because this is a breakthrough for Sorhab and Amir. It foreshadows Sorhab releasing his fears and admitting to his problems in life. This reveals how he will open up to Amir eventually.

 

“We’ve all been waiting for you” (The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini, pg358).  This quote is important because it symbolizes what the reader has been waiting on. Sorhab’s arrival has been anticipated for so long, and is finally here. This quote adds acceptance to the family. This quote stands out because there is a sense of accomplishment. This foreshadows the bonding of a new family and reveals their predetermined love for him

“for you a thousand times over” (The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini, pg 371). This quote is important because it reveals how from this point on, Amir will do anything for Sorhab. It stands out because he actually means what he says. His dedication to this boy is great. This quote adds companionship to the text.